The impact of volcanic eruptions on global climate change can be seen from several interrelated aspects. In some cases, volcanic eruptions can contribute to short-term and long-term climate change. One of the direct impacts produced is the emission of greenhouse gases and dust particles that are shed into the atmosphere. Large eruptions such as Mount Pinatubo in 1991 released millions of tons of sulfur dioxide (SO2) into the stratosphere. This gas reacts with water vapor, forming sulfate aerosols that reflect sunlight back into space, causing an average global temperature drop of around one degree Celsius over the course of a year. The impact shows how volcanic activity can temporarily lower temperatures, although in the long term this effect may not last. In addition, volcanic eruptions also release carbon dioxide (CO2), a greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming. Although the volume of CO2 emitted from eruptions is not as large as that generated by human activities, the long-term accumulation of these emissions can still contribute to climate change. Dust particles released during an eruption also have a significant impact. This dust can disrupt rain cycles and weather patterns. In some cases, dust can block sunlight, contributing to local temperature drops, but in the long term, these particles can create new clouds that act as heat sinks. The long-term effects of volcanic eruptions are also related to the post-eruption ecosystem reconstruction process. Soil exposed to volcanic ash can often become more fertile, increasing environmental productivity. This can lead to increased carbon absorption by vegetation, which indirectly contributes to climate change mitigation. Volcanic activity can also affect ocean currents and atmospheric circulation patterns. For example, large eruptions can change the distribution of salinity and temperature in the ocean, affecting global climate in complex ways. Research shows that large enough eruptions can affect wind patterns and regional climate, thereby impacting agricultural systems and food security. Furthermore, volcanic eruptions also have significant social and economic effects. Destruction of infrastructure, displacement of communities, and impacts on human health could lead to a prolonged crisis and potentially worsen resilience to global climate change. The relationship between volcanic eruptions and global climate change is very complex and diverse. In climate change mitigation efforts, it is important to consider how volcanic activity may interact with other factors, such as greenhouse gas emissions and deforestation, which all contribute to climate change. More in-depth research is needed to fully understand the long-term impacts of volcanic eruptions on Earth’s climate system.